Abstract: With the rapid rise in the number and prevalence of vehicular network (IoV) applications and services, the number of users has continuously increased, making the security of the IoV environment a crucial concern. In IoV systems, there is a risk of vehicle information being stolen or tampered with, which further affects the healthy operation of the system. To address this issue, this paper proposes a blockchainbased crossdomain authentication scheme for IoV. By integrating the entire IoV into a consortium blockchain, the trust gap between different domains is effectively resolved. Multifactor authentication of vehicle user information is employed to effectively prevent information leakage and ensure data security. The combination of blockchain and authentication technologies significantly reduces redundant operations in user identity authentication while enabling synchronized queries of IoV information. From a data security perspective, the security analysis demonstrates the feasibility of this scheme.

Key words: blockchain, IoV, multifactor authentication, crossdomain authentication, smart contract

摘要： 随着车联网应用服务数量和普及度的迅速上升，用户数量不断增加，车联网环境安全是一个需要关注的问题. 对于车联网系统来说车辆信息存在被窃取与篡改的风险，进一步影响车联网系统的健康运行. 鉴于此，提出了基于区块链的车联网多因素跨域认证方案. 将整个车联网置于联盟链中，有效解决了不同域之间存在的信任间隙问题；通过对车辆用户信息进行多因素认证，有效防止用户信息的泄露，保障了用户数据的安全性；将区块链和认证技术相结合，极大降低用户身份认证信息的冗余操作，同时实现了车联网信息的同步查询.安全性分析表明了该方案的可行性.

关键词: 区块链, 车联网, 多因素认证, 跨域认证, 智能合约