Abstract: At 7:00 pm on September 14th 2017, Bitcoin China issued a notice that digital asset trading platform will stop all trading business on September 3. The well known Bitcoin collapse completely. However, as the beginning of building a value-transferring network for human, the blockchain technology behind Bitcoin is still worthy of paying more attention and in-depth research. The blockchain is an integrates application with distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and so on. This technology has been widely concerned by the government, enterprises and scholars. At present, the application of block chain has been extended to the Internet of Things, supply chain management and other fields. In this paper, we first give the definition and the classification of the block chain. Then, the features of the block chain and the workflow of the system are analyzed. Nest, the system framework and the core technology are introduced. Finally, the typical application of blockchain are discussed in the idea of the zone pain and the block chain solution in financial and non -financial areas.

Key words: block chain, decentration, consensus mechanism, smart contracts, core technology, block chain

摘要： 2017年9月14日晚间7点，比特币中国发布公告，称9月3日数字资产交易平台停止所有交易业务。红极一时的比特币迎来了彻底崩盘。然而，比特币背后的区块链技术作为人类构建价值传输网络的开始仍然值得关注和深入研究。区块链作为分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法等技术的集成应用，备受社会各界包括政府、企业、学者的广泛关注。目前，区块链的应用已延伸到了包括物联网、供应链管理等多个领域。本文首先对区块链的定义和类型进行了介绍、接着分析说明了区块链的特性、系统基本流程、系统框架与核心技术，最后以行业痛点、区块链解决方案的思路分别介绍了区块链在金融和非金融领域的典型应用。

关键词: 区块链, 去中心化, 共识机制, 智能合约, 核心技术, 区块链应用