Abstract: The security and stability of critical information infrastructure (CII) are of crucial importance to national security, economic development, and social stability. The insights and lessons learned from the CII security safeguards policies of countries and organizations such as the European Union, Japan, the United States, and Russia merit reference. CII security safeguards policies in China has gone through the stages of early exploration, rapid development, and comprehensive advancement; it is confronted with real predicaments including insufficient policy foresight, inadequate crossdomain coordination and collaboration, poor coordination and alignment of standards, and weak discourse power in international rules. It is suggested that China should strengthen the strategic guidance and toplevel design for CII, improve the crossdomain overall planning and linkage mechanism, formulate and refine CII protection standards.

Key words: critical information infrastructure, security safeguards policy, lessons and implications, current situation and dilemma, optimization pathways

摘要： 关键信息基础设施的安全稳定对国家安全、经济发展和社会稳定至关重要.欧盟、日本、美国、俄罗斯等国家和组织关键信息基础设施安全防护政策的启示经验值得借鉴.我国关键信息基础设施安全防护政策历经早期探索、快速发展、全面推进阶段，面临政策前瞻性不足、跨域联动协同不强、标准协调衔接不畅等现实困境.建议我国应强化关键信息基础设施战略引领与顶层设计，健全跨域统筹与联动机制，制定和完善关键信息基础设施保护标准.

关键词: 关键信息基础设施, 安全防护政策, 经验启示, 现状困境, 优化路径