关键词: 人工智能, 监管沙盒, 欧盟, 公共安全, 科技治理

Abstract: In order to cope with the potential risks and regulatory challenges brought by the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, exploring how to stimulate technological innovation while ensuring public safety has become the core topic in the current reform of regulatory systems. This paper proposes an institutional analysis method to systematically analyze the balancing role of the EU’s artificial regulatory sandbox system in promoting technological innovation and ensuring public safety. The research findings reveal that although the system has the positive significance of reducing the risk cost of enterprises and improving the effectiveness of supervision, it also has the problems of limited application scenarios, limited scope of liability exemption and the emergence of power rentseeking in the access process. Based on the experience of the EU, China can advance the exploration of the artificial intelligence regulatory sandbox system in the following aspects: coordinating technological innovation and public safety, and establishing a centrallocal coordinated regulatory agency; optimizing the application, evaluation, testing, reporting and exit process; improving consumers’ risk tolerance, and safeguarding their rights to know and to be compensated; and through the establishment of regulatory chat rooms and institutional incentives to promote the effective implementation of the system.

Key words: artificial intelligence, regulatory sandbox, EU, public safety, science and technology governance