关键词: 区块链；智能合约；预言机；通信协议；非平衡算法

Abstract: As the critical interface between blockchains and external data sources, oracles presently contend with substantial resource overhead and diminished execution efficiency. To address the inefficiencies and limited scalability of traditional consensus protocols within heterogeneous decentralized oracle networks, we introduce an unbalanced handshake mechanism that assesses computational disparities among nodes and offloads complex tasks to high-performance nodes, thereby markedly reducing initialization latency. Integrated with a customized multi-stage commit process and data source signature verification, this scheme enhances consensus efficiency while preserving robust security and reliability. Evaluation results demonstrate that UBFTO achieves lower consensus latency compared to existing mechanisms, providing a viable solution for the construction of high-performance distributed oracle services.

Key words: blockchain; smart contract; oracle; communication protocol; unbalanced algorithm