关键词: 区块链, 量子计算, 比特币, 共识机制, 非对称加密

Abstract: In recent years, the emerging of digital encryption currency such as bitcoin, blockchain as its key technology has caused the government, technology companies, financial institutions and capital market great attention and wide public concern. Blockchain is a new kind of distributed, decentralized or centralized mechanism, has high distributed redundant storage, go to the center of the credit, automatic intelligent contract execution, timeseries data, not tampered with, the advantages of security and privacy. However, with the development of quantum computer, some advantages of blockchain will be challenged. By analyzing the core technology of the blockchain and combining the advantages of quantum computing, we could analyze the problems that the blockchain system will face in the future. We could work to provide effective guidance and reference to relevant researches of blockchain in the future.

Key words: blockchain, quantum computing, bitcoin, consensus mechanism, asymmetric encryption