关键词: 区块链, RFID, 数据采集, 数据溯源, 自主可控

Abstract: Data collection and traceability of critical equipment such as critical infrastructure and special equipment needs to be carried out throughout the life cycle of scientific production, registration, distribution, transfer, maintenance and destruction. Currently, most critical equipment data is stored in systems such as government agencies, users, warehouses, and scientific research and production units, which can easily lead to redundancy and ambiguity of critical equipment data between different departments. This paper focuses on the safety and traceability problem of critical equipment such as critical infrastructure and special equipment, proposing a data acquisition traceability system based on the combination of blockchain and RFID. The system is designed and implemented using key technologies such as unique identification of RFID hardware devices , zero storage and smart contract, constructing a chain of critical device data records that cannot be tampered with. The system can enable real-time sharing, traceability and audit oversight of critical equipment data, which in turn enables production, usage, and regulatory authorities to monitor the full lifecycle status of critical equipment in real time. Finally, critical operations can be traceable and important data can be protected, security and traceability requirement for critical data can be met. In addition, the system is designed and implemented using RFID equipment modified from domestic chips and adaptive audit software developed independently, which greatly improves the degree of autonomy and control of the software and hardware in this system.

Key words: blockchain, RFID, data collection, data traceability, autonomous and controllable?