Abstract: The explosive advancement of artificial intelligence is fundamentally reshaping the circulation patterns and security boundaries of data elements. As a new type of production factor, data has become the core engine driving new quality productive forces and the digital economy, with circulation security serving as a critical prerequisite for unlocking its value. Based on the characteristics of data elements and the implications of secure data circulation in the age of Artificial Intelligence(AI), this paper provides a systematic review of strategic orientations and institutional practices in the domain of global data circulation security. It further analyzes China’s current developmental status from multiple dimensions, including policies and regulations, technological support, and cross-border governance. The study reveals that, although China has preliminarily established a basic framework for data element circulation security, it still faces multiple structural challenges, such as an incomplete governance system, heavy reliance on core foreign technologies, insufficient alignment with international rules, and a shortage of interdisciplinary talent. To address these issues, this paper proposes a set of coordinated strategies: refining the ownership confirmation mechanism and standard system, strengthening R&D in key technologies, optimizing cross-border security management, and building collaborative talent cultivation mechanisms. These measures aim to advance both the governance system and capacity building, thereby providing theoretical references and practical pathways for developing a secure, trustworthy, open, and controllable data element market.

Key words: Artificial Intelligence, data element, circulation security, data security, strategic landscape

摘要： AI技术的爆发式发展正在深刻重塑数据要素的流通格局与安全边界。数据作为新型生产要素已成为推动新质生产力和数字经济发展的核心引擎，而流通安全则是决定其价值释放的重要前提条件。本文基于AI时代数据要素的特征与安全流通内涵，系统梳理全球数据要素流通安全领域的战略取向与制度实践，并从政策法规、技术支撑、跨境治理等多个维度分析我国当前发展现状。研究发现，我国虽已初步建立数据要素流通安全的基本框架，但仍面临治理体系不健全、核心技术依赖性强、跨境规则衔接不足及复合型人才短缺等多重结构性挑战。为此，本文提出从完善确权机制与标准体系、强化关键技术研发、优化跨境安全管理、构建协同育人机制等方面统筹推进治理体系与能力建设，为构建安全可信、开放可控的数据要素市场提供理论参考与实践路径。

关键词: 人工智能, 数据要素, 流通安全, 数据安全, 战略格局